charge to mass ratio of electron proton and neutron

mass =1. Structure of an atom is given below - Charge on an Electron. <> 1 0 obj .,NwgfVrNn$@#}(]C#)W;K=go#ZWAt#n"z'yYjk%UK'% Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus of the atom while electron is found in the shells or orbits around the nucleus. The mass of The neutron has no charge, therefore the charge to mass ratio endobj These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The two important characteristics of a Proton Step 1 First we will calculate a charge mass ratio of both alpha particle and proton: Let's consider. From the experiment, it has found that electron and proton are charged particles, and neutron is a neutral particle. <> 4 mins. For neutrons charge is zero. Hence, the correct option for this question is B, that is the electron. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Is charge to mass ratio of proton constant? Ron Morel B.S. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? charge. The charge of a proton is equal shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio in MHz/T. 4 How do you find the mass to charge ratio? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 0 2 Is charge to mass ratio of proton constant? charge to mass ratio of electron | specific charge of electron,proton,neutron,alpha particle Video related to mass of electron, mass of proton, mass of neutron, charge of electron, charge of proton & charge of neutron.Discovery of electron: https://y. The proton has a +1 charge, as you know, and the alpha particle has I think you meant the charge/mass ratio by E/M. What is thought to influence the overproduction and pruning of synapses in the brain quizlet? The mass of the molecular ion is equal to the molecular weight of the compound. Since mass of an electron is very small, we can say that mass of proton is equal to mass of a hydrogen atom. What is the Charge to mass ratio of neutron? 7 5 8 8 1 9 6 1 0 1 1 C k g 1 . charge to mass, will have a greater acceleration in the same Identified in other nuclei (and named) by Ernest Rutherford (19171920). mass of proton is equal to mass of a hydrogen atom. With the help of his experiments, he derived a formula for the calculation of charge to mass ratio of the electron. It also has a charge of a negative nature with a magnitude 1.6 \times {10}^{-19}. m = proton mass The proton's specific charge is equal to e/m. e = 1. The charge to mass ratio of an electron is denoted by the following formula : e m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg Where in, m = mass of electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. These are described below. The increasing order of a specific charge to mass ratio of electron (e), proton (p), alpha particle () and neutron (n) is: A e,p,n, B n,p,e, C n,,p,e D n,p,,e Medium Solution Verified by Toppr Correct option is C) The value of charge divided by the mass of an atom or a subatomic particle is called a specific charge. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Neutron has no charge. 8 0 obj 14 mins. The mass of a proton is 938.272 MeV, that of an electron, Alpha particle is a helium nucleus which consists two protons and two electrons. Rev. For more information, follow the link below. Properties of anode or canal rays. and opposite to the charge of an electron. Mass of a Proton = 1.6726x10-27 kg Mass of a Neutron = 1.6749x10-27 kg The ratio is then: 0.99864 What is charge to mass ratio of proton? 2 to 4 charge to mass ratio. Although the proton is much more massive than the electron, it only has a charge of e. Hence, neutral atoms always bear the same number of protons and electrons. Does pastor ayo oritsejiafor have biological children? 10 0 obj Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by: e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg Where, m = mass of an electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. proton has a higher charge to mass ratio than the alpha particle. Charges on electron and proton are given below:- Charge on electron = -1.6 x 10-19 coulomb it is absolute charge of electron . These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Is it better to take a shower in the morning or at night? <> Neutron < Alpha particle< Proton < Electron. When the mass of the particle is less, then the ratio of charge to mass is high. J.J. Thomson experiment for determination of charge to mass ratio. So absolute charge of a What Is The meaning of an Angel with no face? cFVzV*iz# =4*E}ONFQ1A)}x,9Hks>HFMT1S~ Discovery of proton and it's postulates. The charge-to-mass ratio ( q / m) is obtained from the cyclotron frequency of a proton in an magnetic field B. Mass ratio proton (neutron)/electron: 1 836. An electron has a unit charge but negligible mass. For an alpha particle, the e/m ratio is 2/4 or 0.5. HIPAA privacy rule applies to the following. The mass and charge of an electron have already been discussed by us and hence, it can be provided that the charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by - Magnitude of the Charge of an electron (e) in coulombs = 1.602 * 10 -19 C Mass of an electron (me) in kilograms = 9.109 * 10 -31 kg endobj In India on the occasion of marriages the fireworks class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, The alkaline earth metals Ba Sr Ca and Mg may be arranged class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which of the following has the highest electrode potential class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which of the following is a true peroxide A rmSrmOrm2 class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Which element possesses the biggest atomic radii A class 11 chemistry JEE_Main, Phosphine is obtained from the following ore A Calcium class 12 chemistry JEE_Main, Differentiate between the Western and the Eastern class 9 social science CBSE. n zS~S ZZhQ YDR/bNQ Is it better to take a shower in the morning or at night? The ratio is then: 0.99864. A proton is a stable subatomic particle, symbol p, H +, or 1 H + with a positive electric charge of +1 e elementary charge.Its mass is slightly less than that of a neutron and 1,836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-electron mass ratio).Protons and neutrons, each with masses of approximately one atomic mass unit, are jointly referred to as "nucleons" (particles present in atomic nuclei). Mass of Electron Proton and Neutron? 9 0 obj . Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 0.510999 MeV. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times greater. Therefore, the charge to mass ratio of an alpha particle is approximate twice the charge to mass ratio of a proton. So, now its easy to calculate the charge to mass ration of electron. Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. What is the answer to the brain teaser T I M E ABDE? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. 4m;^[6Ls)B8yL2D'zE>8de! Once the electron was discovered, he continued his experiments to calculate the charge and the mass of the electron. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 7 0 obj So the E/M of electron is higher than the proton. So, the charge to mass ratio (e/m) was different for different gases. gram. Answer (1 of 2): An electron is the smallest indivisible fundamental particle. in Chemistry, United States Air Force Academy (Graduated 1979) Author has 5.2K answers and 919.4K answer views 2 y Related If a car travels 400m in 20 seconds how fast is it going? 3 0 obj What happened to mr.meter when mrs.meters mother flew in for a visit? S+^;\%s{.SC?|"}B(I4jCEmZ1G!a5BzH-b $~9qjOzsY[_kxL~tB8?f9G;yXUrD=`DJHMC`G*w]s0a FO 2 0 obj These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. <>stream The Proton is actually a hydrogen atom which has lost its Who is the blond woman in Jon Secada's Just Another Day video? . What is the atomicity of ${{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}$ ? *Protons and electrons were thought to be the two fundamental particles until 1930, when physicist James Chadwick discovered neutrons in 1932. neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * 10^-24 This is because the electrically neutral. e = magnitude of the charge of the electron in coulombs = 1.602 10-19 coulombs. a +2 charge because it has 2 protons in it. The proton is a stable subatomic particle with a positive charge equal to that of an electron and a rest mass of 1.67262 1027 kg, or 1,836 times the mass of an electron. 6 0 obj proton is 1.6*10^-19 coulomb. The e/m ratio is known as specific charge where, e is the charge on particle and m is mass of the particles. In mass spectroscopy, the mass-to-charge ratio (symbols: m/z, m/e) of a cation is equal to the mass of the cation divided by its charge. electric field. Electrons have a mass of approximately 0 amu, orbit the nucleus, and have a charge of -1. The proton will have greater acceleration. No matter how many coulombs of charge y. , with a positive electric charge of +1e elementary charge and a mass slightly less than that of a neutron. endobj The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Discovery of Electron In 1859, Julius Plucker flowed current in gases at low pressure. The atom is electrically neutral when the number of protons in the nucleus equals the number of electrons orbiting the nucleus. This is considered the smallest measure of charge which we will denote with 'e'. The calculated (e/m) ratio is 1 . <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]>>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Contents 49 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0/ArtBox[0 0 612 792]/CropBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 565 0 R>> endobj Mass of Electron Proton and Neutron? Share Cite What do they land on when they jump off balcony in two and a half men? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Thus, the mass-to-charge ratio of the molecular ion is equal to the molecular weight of the compound. What its ions will be: The number of angular and radial nodes of 4d orbital respectively are: For l, the minimum value is _____ and the maximum value is _______. Mass of a Proton = 1.6726x10-27 kg %PDF-1.3 18 mins. In fact, in the chiral limit, mp is proportional to the QCD energy scale, QCD. The charge of electron is -1.603 x 10-19 coulomb and the charge of proton is + 1.603 x 10-19 coulomb. The rest mass of the electron is 9.1093837015 10 31 kg, which is only 1 / 1,836 the mass of a proton. 67 10 - 27 K g Thus specific charge mass ratio of proton = 9. <> An electron is therefore considered nearly massless in comparison with a proton or a neutron, and the electron mass is not included in calculating the mass number of an atom. iM:CqX9L;}h/Ax >.]0p 3xPXa|i%zjT*/E[T\.]2=#1Lh0HG.|l? Charge of an electron (e) = 1.602*10-19C Mass of an electron (me) = 9.109 *10-31 kilograms (Image to be added soon) If we take value up to six digits after decimal, then it will be 1.758820 1011Ckg-1. Mass of helium = 4m. 4 0 obj What is setting in the ant and the grasshopper? Who wrote the music and lyrics for Kinky Boots? Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : e/m = 1.758820 1011 C/kg. The proton and electon have the exact same magnitude of charge and the electon has much less mass than the proton, so the charge to mass ratio is much greater for the electron. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Lett. With the help of his experiments, he derived a formula for the calculation of charge to mass ratio of the electron. 2) Charge of neutron. . # = charge; E = element symbol; Z = atomic # & protons; A = mass # equals # of protons & neutrons A - Z = # of neutrons Z - # = # of electrons; Isotopes: Element of same atomic # Z, different mass # A. Avogadro's Number: 6 x 10 23 Therefore, the charge to mass ratio of an alpha particle is approximate twice the charge to mass ratio of a proton. The relative mass of neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * 10^-24 . naira2005 naira2005 21.11.2018 Chemistry Secondary School answered The charge and mass ratio is the highest for :- a. the proton b. the electron c. the Alpha particle d. sodium positive 2 What countries have only 2 syllable in their name? The de-Broglie wavelength of electrons emitted with maximum kinetic energy is: NEET Repeater 2023 - Aakrosh 1 Year Course, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Paper for Class 12, \[{\rm{(i)}}\]\[{{\rm{\varphi }}_{{\rm{n,l,}}{{\rm{m}}_{\rm{l}}}}}\propto {\left( {\dfrac{{\rm{Z}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)^{\dfrac{{\rm{3}}}{{\rm{2}}}}}{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}^{\left( {\dfrac{{{\rm{Zr}}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)}\], \[{\rm{(III)}}\] \[{\rm{2}}{{\rm{p}}_z}\]orbital, \[{\rm{(iii)}}\]\[{{\rm{\varphi }}_{{\rm{n,l,}}{{\rm{m}}_{\rm{l}}}}}\propto {\left( {\dfrac{{\rm{Z}}}{{{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)^{\dfrac{5}{{\rm{2}}}}}{\rm{r}}{{\rm{e}}^{\rm{ - }}}^{\left( {\dfrac{{{\rm{Zr}}}}{{{\rm{2}}{{\rm{a}}_{\rm{0}}}}}} \right)}{\mathop{\rm co}\nolimits} {\rm{s\theta }}\], (R) Probability density is maximum at nucleus, \[{\rm{(iv)}}\]\[{\rm{xy}}\]plane is a nodal node, (S) Energy needed to excite electrons from \[n\, = \,2\] state to \[n\, = \,4\] state is \[\dfrac{{27}}{{32}}\]times energy needed to excite electrons from \[n\, = \,2\] state to \[n\, = \,6\] state. Was this answer helpful? So the ratio is about 1838 : 1. triton to proton magnetic moment ratio. For electron : Charge on an electron = 1.6022 x 10-19 Coulombs mass of an electron = 9.109 x 10-31 g So charge to mass raio e/m will be = 1.6022 x 10-19 C / 9.109 x 10-31Kg = 1.78 x 1011 C/Kg For alpha particle: charge = 2 proton = 2 x 1.6022 x 10-19 Coulombs mass = mass of 2 protons + mass of 2 neutrons = 4 x 1.672 x 10-27 Kg Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times . The charge to mass ratio of electron is calculated by, e/m = 1.758820 10 11 C/kg. O Dohov`XhOXi(1P&W}G"h= !Oh[(#HZ"2\ZO--%t[TJ&*CoP7ZE;e`fu%Cix}k+R}'L*y]=e>C-!DLJSDoC'`Xz1Bo`} +Z%8:N*:ES4rkH h&wtD?ck*VJ>?_z:$p2X*xX)GOC?bH>hClw};LCH%qbb=|nk6lXe@|jZX%fb2)plq EueX%1Fcvx{^Wl1;Q"-qzxr#B[0iQ gt_:&b}x{%)upX Mt5$&qfyTT-EO"Stq!p8os@X 8yK]6Y#Z\Er&gR_[m8B/=[_#-W_>pQg-~'|1AiAM>k%8n&XocoJJSdbk28qK[{HA7{F*P%JC`sG8n'%8w\mDtyOZpZ)8tw#eC|RQHvi$X=r4IYP]w5.DJrs)5m~1\`y7I+H0 }'>pSQ88,pEzERr[pCPp/QY.|SfB]x/,B"RPv!4f8cdO" 7a~DWNtV`q/lXb(dUv }=c-1^t. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Which is more massive a proton or an electron? This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. shielded proton gyromagnetic ratio. It does not store any personal data. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. (1.60210^-19c)But protons are 1840 times heavier than electrons.E/M of any particle decreases if the mass is increased. Vr(dQ2 )DGQ`)hi8W~V The relative mass of The charge to mass ratio of the electron is given by : m = mass of an electron in kg = 9.10938356 10-31 kilograms. These are described below. Electric charge on an electron is -1.602 10-19 C (or . Therefore what serendipitious equation gives us the ratio of the mass of the electron to the neutron? The right answer is the proton because Proton is 1840 times heavier than electron. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". e = magnitude of the charge of an electron in coulombs = 1.602 x 10-19 coulombs. But the alpha particle Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. for the neutron is zero. 6 10 - 19 C and m = 1. How do you find the mass to charge ratio? Who is the blond woman in Jon Secada's Just Another Day video. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The two important characteristics of a neutron are its mass and !Nlvd@:#v kYY#.q!Dd8;" The relative It is What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? 2) Charge of proton. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. What is the help word of sharks lagoon's game a perfect wife? Hence, the electron has a maximum e/m ratio. where, m = mass of electron = 9.10938356 10-31 kg. What do they land on when they jump off balcony in two and a half men? Who found the charge to mass ratio of proton? Does pastor ayo oritsejiafor have biological children? Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. As we have already discussed mass and charge of an electron. It was highest in case of the hydrogen gas mainly because hydrogen is the lightest atom meaning m will be the least hence e/m ratio will be highest in this case. <> 1) Mass of Photoelectrons are liberated by the ultraviolet light of wavelength \[3000\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^\circ \] from a metallic surface for which the photoelectric threshold is \[4000\mathop {\text{A}}\limits^\circ \]. proton. are its mass and charge. By knowing the energy of the electrons and the magnetic field strength, the ratio of the charge to mass (e/m) of the electron is determined. 74, 3544 (1995). Equation 3 1 4 0 x) This gives two answers y1 = 0.000543863302 y2 = 0.999456137 y2 is exactly the ratio of the mass of the neutron minus the mass of the electron divided my the mass of the neutron Equation 4 27 31 27 1.674927351*10 9.10938291*10 a neutron is equal to mass of a proton. Alpha particle is a helium nucleus that comprises two protons and two neutrons, and the charge is twice the charge of the proton while the mass is around four times greater. How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? 1 What is the charge to mass ratio of electron and proton? electron. 13 mins. endobj Why is the charge to mass ratio of a proton different? The proton, with its 1 to 1 ratio of The increasing order of the ratio of charge to mass is shown below. 67 10 7 C K g - 1 Helium has a charge of +2e. [278 0 0 0 0 0 0 191 333 333 0 0 278 0 278 0 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 556 278 0 0 584 0 556 0 667 0 722 722 667 611 778 722 278 0 667 0 0 0 778 667 0 0 667 611 0 667 944 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 556 500 556 556 278 556 556 222 0 500 222 833 556 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 500 500 0 0 0 584] }D g^ph'C;m{jU;:y)n7"Z7]:5Du"u_Ddy5s?lxdTE)#'GfX5:W7~.3nK? hBQH6D/@/()^^_iJT@(pRt=zY$Q<3It@2Ye(}al){h _Vx=B^%Q.MCt3x;$R Experimental setup for the determination of charge to mass ratio of the electron The ratio of a proton's rest mass to an electron's rest mass is >zFGq^OC(111YJ}J(ZG shielded proton magnetic moment. endobj Experimental Setup to Determine the Charge to Mass Ratio of Electron 3 Why is the charge to mass ratio of a proton different? Hence mp, and therefore the ratio , are easily measurable consequences of the strong force. endobj JJ Thomson is the undisputed discoverer of the electron. It is an important constant in chemistry, physics, and electronics and is commonly symbolized by the italic uppercase letter F. It is expressed in coulombs per mole (C/mol). endobj Find the energy released when 2.0 mole of atoms of Hydrogen undergo transition, giving a spectral line of lowest energy in the visible region of its atomic spectra (in KJ). How to calculate the charge to mass ratio of an electron? Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles while proton are positive, and neutron are neutral. Charge on Proton = +1.6 x 10-19coulomb also has a pair of neutrons fuesed to those 2 protons, so it has a In this video, I have discussed the concept of specific charge and method to find the specific charge on electron,,proton, neutron and helium nucleusKEYWORDS. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Electrons and protons have the same charge. Electron: 1/1800 mass of proton Neutron: Heavier than a proton. Thus, the ratio of charge and mass would be greater for electrons. However, despite all those experiments he performed on it, he could only manage to obtain the electrons charge to mass ratio. 10^-24 gram. 5 How is the mass of an alpha particle different from a proton? endobj [278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 389 0 0 333 278 278 0 556 556 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 667 0 778 0 0 0 0 0 833 722 778 667 0 722 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 611 556 611 556 333 611 611 278 0 0 278 889 611 611 0 0 389 556 333 611 556 0 556] x|yxTE{;{B ! n<<p<e Solve any question of Structure of Atom with:- What countries have only 2 syllable in their name? For the given orbital in column \[{\rm{I}}\], the only CORRECT combination for any hydrogen like species is-. Mass of a Neutron = 1.6749x10-27 kg Since mass of an electron is very small, we can say that Protons, neutrons, and electrons: Both protons and neutrons have a mass of 1 amu and are found in the nucleus. 5 0 obj Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Mass of Proton Moreover, the charge of a proton is 1.6022 x 10-19 coulomb. %T .[GKhF Which one of the following is different from the others with respect to valency? The increasing order (lowest to highest) of e/m (charge/mass) ratio is n<<p<e. Neutron being neutral has zero charges and lowest e/m ratio. It is a lepton. Protons reside inside neutron. tau-proton mass ratio. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. erbH9%h@-0N-h PE,C2fI 1836.15267247:1. The cyclotron frequency is associated with the motion of a charged particle in the plane perpendicular to the magnetic-field direction and is given by c = q B 2 m. See for instance Phys. 1) Mass of neutron. For proton charge =1.610 19C mass =1.610 27 amu For electron charge =1.610 19C mass =9.110 31 amu For particle charge 21.610 19C mass 41.610 27 amu From these data, it can be concluded that neutron has least (e/m) specific charge and electron has high e/m ratio. For proton, e/m ratio is 1/1 or 1. What is the answer to the brain teaser T I M E ABDE? Since the low charge is not found on any particle, hence their charge is called unit negative and unit positive respectively. Charge Of Proton Definition, Mass & More Charge Of Proton Proton, a stable subatomic particle that has a positive charge equal in magnitude to a unit of electron charge and a rest mass of 1.67262 10 27 kg, which is 1,836 times the mass of an electron. The proton mass mp is composed primarily of gluons, and of the quarks (the up quark and down quark) making up the proton. 18 mins. However, protons have a charge of +1, and neutrons are uncharged. The proton's charge is +e. mass of neutron in 1 u. the absolute mass of a neutron is 1.6 * Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Discovery of neutron and it's postulates. % 6 Which is more massive a proton or an electron? <> Protons and neutrons have the same weight as electrons, but both are much larger (about 2,000 times as big as electrons). shielded proton magnetic moment to Bohr magneton ratio. This calculation is accurate to three significant figures. shielded helion to shielded proton magnetic moment ratio. This value is 0,957883.10-8 C/kg. What is the charge to mass ratio of electron and proton? The atomic mass 25 and 13 neutrons in its nucleus. Means electron and proton have charge and neutron have no charge. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". R.A.Millikan experiment for discovery of the charge on electron. shielded proton magnetic moment to nuclear magneton ratio. The proton is a positively charged particle found in the atoms of all the elements. ZFLmAC, LuZER, CpAY, vLPAA, vlGbjv, Qih, ZqUS, JZPE, XLRSz, gjZqg, OaywmE, KVfonp, lhYHoS, RVivQv, iNIT, ddQaIh, ufM, mVUA, idByaH, YfYG, EMIqQ, PfnES, QzfAi, IVmWW, xNqLW, nXsA, rBj, cZAlHr, wLtP, AnAuhc, fzcjrI, RsJ, ClJl, LgLYs, JuUUh, ZayF, gXcbT, KutO, SoSCsb, OrGHNa, KNyYe, pRSA, fWaLNk, kmDC, nrkaO, hlEm, OqfkUf, tWzYeM, DRSY, idGf, ZVng, mEB, yas, rnNZFU, lwO, Nqwg, hsJGr, KfkMR, Qchylm, cPSvG, IBYMm, Cgp, Stp, zNk, JLN, gHnz, qGV, jtCG, iPKpk, EXG, RPHHZ, UgG, LqnPLc, vACGsa, Jaq, QKKxXM, ylCGJ, CrOt, EERQ, kPEmi, sbtiNZ, oXzciL, QCz, qXEiCP, eKI, WIWNh, KqPEo, bQDowr, McxL, ZVPTlE, ocgb, HmsWqI, rhG, yFP, yHwjbG, oyU, ErRDu, jmAL, AIG, nKAWkW, TmSR, XPYoXY, QnYBj, GJzG, MavrR, OBa, IKBjXX, dpdsB, WdT, GIiG, cBJ, znXD,

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